Sugar can have both positive and negative effects on the body, depending on the type and amount consumed. On the positive side, sugars like glucose provide the body with immediate energy, making them beneficial for athletes or individuals engaging in intense physical activity. Sugar adds sweetness and flavor to foods and beverages, making them more palatable and enjoyable. Glucose, in particular, is the primary fuel for the brain, and consuming small amounts of sugar can improve cognitive function and alertness.

However, there are several drawbacks to excessive sugar consumption. One of the most significant concerns is weight gain, as added sugars contribute excess calories to the diet without providing essential nutrients. This can lead to obesity and related health issues such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, sugar promotes tooth decay and cavities when consumed in excess, especially in the form of sugary snacks and beverages. Another downside of consuming refined sugars is the potential for rapid spikes and crashes in blood sugar levels. This can cause fluctuations in energy levels and mood swings, negatively impacting overall well-being.