Both vegan and vegetarian diets offer health benefits, such as lower risks of heart disease and improved digestion. Vegans avoid all animal products, which can further reduce cholesterol and environmental impact. However, vegans need to carefully plan their diets to avoid nutrient deficiencies in vitamins B12, D, iron, and omega-3 fatty acids. Vegetarians may find it easier to meet nutritional needs but should still ensure a balanced diet to avoid deficiencies.